What Is Keto Dieting?

A ketogenic diet is an extremely low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet that uses a moderate amount of protein. It helps to promote nutritional ketosis, a metabolic state where the body burns fat for energy instead of sugar or carbohydrates. It is primarily used to manage seizures in children with epilepsy, but research on its effectiveness in treating obesity or diabetes is limited.

The KD restricts carbohydrate consumption to around 20 g/day, moderating protein intake, and provides most calories from fat. This causes the body to break down fat into fatty acids called ketones. These ketone bodies act as fuel for the body and brain, replacing glucose as an energy source. The KD may also be helpful in managing some chronic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Research on the KD suggests that it can improve insulin sensitivity in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and may reduce the need for medication. It may also increase fat burning and decrease blood sugar levels in people with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Some patients who follow the KD experience side effects, such as nausea, fatigue, and lack of mental energy. It is important to consult with a physician and registered dietitian before changing your diet.